Infectious Disease

Infectious Disease / en Simple test for flu could improve diagnosis and surveillance /news/simple-test-flu-could-improve-diagnosis-and-surveillance <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden"><h1>Simple test for flu could improve diagnosis and surveillance</h1> </span> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <span>By Allessandra DiCorato</span> </span> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"><time datetime="2024-06-18T11:00:00-04:00" class="datetime">June 18, 2024</time> </span> <div class="hero-section container"> <div class="hero-section__row row"> <div class="hero-section__content hero-section__content_left col-6"> <div class="hero-section__breadcrumbs"> <div class="block block-system block-system-breadcrumb-block"> <nav class="breadcrumb" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="system-breadcrumb"> <h2 id="system-breadcrumb" class="visually-hidden">Breadcrumb</h2> <ol> <li> <a href="/">Home</a> </li> <li> <a href="/news">News</a> </li> </ol> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__title"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storytitle"> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden"><h1>Simple test for flu could improve diagnosis and surveillance</h1> </span> </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__description"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storybody"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>A low-cost CRISPR-based paper strip test distinguishes between influenza types and can be reprogrammed to recognize different viruses including the H5N1 bird flu virus.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__author"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-extra-field-blocknodelong-storyextra-field-author-custom"> By Allessandra DiCorato </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__date"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storycreated"> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"><time datetime="2024-06-18T11:00:00-04:00" title="Tuesday, June 18, 2024 - 11:00" class="datetime">June 18, 2024</time> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__right col-6"> <div class="hero-section__image"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storyfield-image"> <div class="field field--name-field-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <article class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-multiple-content-types-header"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_desktop_xl/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=h6N4_F41 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1921px)" type="image/png" width="754" height="503"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_desktop_xl/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=h6N4_F41 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1601px) and (max-width: 1920px)" type="image/png" width="754" height="503"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_desktop/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=TKDxcgPM 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1340px) and (max-width: 1600px)" type="image/png" width="736" height="520"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_laptop/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=v_af7AvV 1x" media="all and (min-width: 800px) and (max-width: 1339px)" type="image/png" width="641" height="451"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_tablet/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=ZVvT27Tu 1x" media="all and (min-width: 540px) and (max-width: 799px)" type="image/png" width="706" height="417"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_phone/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=3yX_WNd1 1x" media="all and (max-width: 539px)" type="image/png" width="499" height="294"> <img loading="eager" src="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_phone/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=3yX_WNd1" width="499" height="294" alt="Four paper strips inside small tubes held by an orange rack." title="Four paper strips inside small tubes held by an orange rack." typeof="foaf:Image"> </picture> </div> <div class="media-caption"> <div class="media-caption__credit"> Credit: Jon Arizti-Sanz </div> <div class="media-caption__description"> SHINE, a rapid diagnostic test developed by Pardis Sabeti's lab in 2020, uses paper strips and CRISPR enzymes to identify specific sequences of viral RNA in samples. </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-section container"> <div class="content-section__main"> <div class="block 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class="paragraph paragraph--type--sidebar-articles sidebar-articles"> <div class="sidebar-articles__col"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-heading field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Related news</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-content-reference field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><article about="/news/rapid-covid-19-test-delivers-accurate-results-minimal-equipment" class="node"> <div class="field field--name-field-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><article class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-multiple-ct-sidebar-link-with-image"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <a href="/news/rapid-covid-19-test-delivers-accurate-results-minimal-equipment"><picture> <source 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class="node__content"> <a href="/news/rapid-covid-19-test-delivers-accurate-results-minimal-equipment" class="node__title"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Rapid COVID-19 test delivers accurate results with minimal equipment</span> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="field__item"><article about="/news/machine-learning-could-help-scientists-design-better-viral-diagnostics-0" class="node"> <div class="field field--name-field-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><article class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-multiple-ct-sidebar-link-with-image"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <a href="/news/machine-learning-could-help-scientists-design-better-viral-diagnostics-0"><picture> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop_xl/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=IyaW59bs 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1921px)" type="image/jpeg" width="104" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop_xl/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=IyaW59bs 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1601px) and (max-width: 1920px)" type="image/jpeg" width="104" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=gt1YWmZz 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1340px) and (max-width: 1600px)" type="image/jpeg" width="87" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=gt1YWmZz 1x" media="all and (min-width: 800px) and (max-width: 1339px)" type="image/jpeg" width="87" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_tablet/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=H2rEoB05 1x" media="all and (min-width: 540px) and (max-width: 799px)" type="image/jpeg" width="285" height="186"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_phone/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=WRQQV97m 1x" media="all and (max-width: 539px)" type="image/jpeg" width="220" height="186"> <img loading="eager" src="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_phone/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=WRQQV97m" width="220" height="186" alt="Colette A. Zylstra, ӳ��ý Communications" typeof="foaf:Image"> </picture></a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="node__content"> <a href="/news/machine-learning-could-help-scientists-design-better-viral-diagnostics-0" class="node__title"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Machine learning could help scientists design better viral diagnostics</span> </a> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Fewer than one percent of people who get the flu every year get tested in part because most tests require trained personnel and expensive equipment. Now researchers have developed a low-cost paper strip test that could allow more patients to find out which type of flu they have and get the right treatment. </p> <p>The test, developed by a team from the ӳ��ý of MIT and Harvard and Princeton University, and supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, uses CRISPR to distinguish between the two main types of seasonal flu, influenza A and B, as well as seasonal flu subtypes H1N1 and H3N2. It can also identify strains that resist antiviral treatment, and with further work, could potentially detect swine and avian flu strains, including H5N1, which is currently infecting cattle.</p> <p>Appearing today in <em><a href="https://www.jmdjournal.org/article/S1525-1578(24)00087-4/fulltext" target="_blank">The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics</a></em>, the results could help improve outbreak response and clinical care by bringing tests that are accurate, low-cost, and fast to doctors’ offices and labs across the US and in other countries.</p> <p>“Ultimately, we hope these tests will be as simple as rapid antigen tests, and they’ll still have the specificity and performance of a nucleic acid test that would normally be done in a laboratory setting,” said <a href="https://molbio.princeton.edu/people/cameron-myhrvold" target="_blank">Cameron Myhrvold</a>, co-senior author on the study along with <a href="/node/7055">Pardis Sabeti</a>, an institute member at the ӳ��ý and a professor at Harvard University and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, as well as a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. Myhrvold, who is currently an assistant professor at Princeton University, was a postdoctoral researcher in Sabeti’s lab when the study began. </p> <h2>SHINE a light </h2> <p>The test is based on a technology called SHINE, which was developed by Sabeti’s lab in <a href="/node/684486">2020</a> and uses CRISPR enzymes to identify specific sequences of viral RNA in samples. The researchers first used SHINE to test for SARS-CoV-2, and later to distinguish between the Delta and Omicron variants. Then, in 2022, they began adapting the assay to detect other viruses they knew were always circulating: influenzas. They wanted to create tests that could be used in the field or in clinics rather than hospitals or diagnostic labs with expensive equipment.</p> <p>“Using a paper strip readout instead of expensive fluorescence machinery is a big advancement, not only in terms of clinical care but also for epidemiological surveillance purposes,” said Ben Zhang, co-first author on the study, a medical student at Harvard Medical School and an undergraduate researcher in Sabeti’s lab when the study began.</p> <p>Typical diagnostic approaches such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) require lengthy processing times, trained personnel, specialized equipment, and freezers to store reagents at -80°C, whereas SHINE can be conducted at room temperature in about 90 minutes. Currently, the assay only requires an inexpensive heat block to warm the reaction, and the researchers are working to streamline the process with the goal of returning results in 15 minutes. </p> <p>The researchers also adapted SHINE to distinguish between different flu strains. In the future, they say the assay could be adapted to detect two different viruses with similar symptoms, such as influenza and SARS-CoV-2. </p> <p>“Being able to tease apart what strain or subtype of influenza is infecting a patient has repercussions both for treating them and public health interventions,” said Jon Arizti-Sanz, a postdoctoral researcher in Sabeti’s lab and co-first author on the study.</p> <p>For example, the tests could help clinicians decide whether to use Oseltamivir, a common antiviral that is effective for only some strains, Arizti-Sanz added. In the field, rapid testing could also help scientists collect samples more strategically during an outbreak to better monitor how the virus is spreading. </p> <p>Next, the researchers are adapting SHINE to test for both avian and swine influenza strains. “With SARS-CoV-2 and now flu, we’ve shown that we can easily adapt SHINE to detect new or evolving viruses,” Arizti-Sanz said. “We’re excited to apply it to H5N1.”</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--table-outro paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-paragraph field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--table-outro-row paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-heading field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Funding</p> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Flu Laboratory, and the TED Audacious Project.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--table-outro-row paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-heading field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Paper cited</p> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Zhang YB, Arizti-Sanz J, et al. <a href="https://www.jmdjournal.org/article/S1525-1578(24)00087-4/fulltext" target="_blank">CRISPR-based assays for point of need detection and subtyping of influenza</a>. <em>The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics</em>. Online June 18, 2024. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2024.04.004.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-section container"> <div class="content-section__main"> <div class="block-node-broad-tags block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storyfield-broad-tags"> <div class="block-node-broad-tags__row"> <div class="block-node-broad-tags__title">Tags:</div> <div class="field field--name-field-broad-tags field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/broad-tags/infectious-disease" hreflang="en">Infectious Disease</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/broad-tags/diagnostics" hreflang="en">Diagnostics</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/broad-tags/pardis-sabeti" hreflang="en">Pardis Sabeti</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> Tue, 18 Jun 2024 15:00:00 +0000 adicorat 5557056 at A new viral surveillance system in West Africa is showing the world how to prevent the next pandemic /news/new-viral-surveillance-system-west-africa-showing-world-how-prevent-next-pandemic <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden"><h1>Simple test for flu could improve diagnosis and surveillance</h1> </span> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <span>By Allessandra DiCorato</span> </span> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"><time datetime="2024-06-18T11:00:00-04:00" class="datetime">June 18, 2024</time> </span> <div class="hero-section container"> <div class="hero-section__row row"> <div class="hero-section__content hero-section__content_left col-6"> <div class="hero-section__breadcrumbs"> <div class="block block-system block-system-breadcrumb-block"> <nav class="breadcrumb" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="system-breadcrumb"> <h2 id="system-breadcrumb" class="visually-hidden">Breadcrumb</h2> <ol> <li> <a href="/">Home</a> </li> <li> <a href="/news">News</a> </li> </ol> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__title"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storytitle"> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden"><h1>Simple test for flu could improve diagnosis and surveillance</h1> </span> </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__description"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storybody"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>A low-cost CRISPR-based paper strip test distinguishes between influenza types and can be reprogrammed to recognize different viruses including the H5N1 bird flu virus.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__author"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-extra-field-blocknodelong-storyextra-field-author-custom"> By Allessandra DiCorato </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__date"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storycreated"> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"><time datetime="2024-06-18T11:00:00-04:00" title="Tuesday, June 18, 2024 - 11:00" class="datetime">June 18, 2024</time> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__right col-6"> <div class="hero-section__image"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storyfield-image"> <div class="field field--name-field-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <article class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-multiple-content-types-header"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_desktop_xl/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=h6N4_F41 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1921px)" type="image/png" width="754" height="503"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_desktop_xl/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=h6N4_F41 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1601px) and (max-width: 1920px)" type="image/png" width="754" height="503"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_desktop/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=TKDxcgPM 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1340px) and (max-width: 1600px)" type="image/png" width="736" height="520"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_laptop/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=v_af7AvV 1x" media="all and (min-width: 800px) and (max-width: 1339px)" type="image/png" width="641" height="451"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_tablet/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=ZVvT27Tu 1x" media="all and (min-width: 540px) and (max-width: 799px)" type="image/png" width="706" height="417"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_phone/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=3yX_WNd1 1x" media="all and (max-width: 539px)" type="image/png" width="499" height="294"> <img loading="eager" src="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_phone/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=3yX_WNd1" width="499" height="294" alt="Four paper strips inside small tubes held by an orange rack." title="Four paper strips inside small tubes held by an orange rack." typeof="foaf:Image"> </picture> </div> <div class="media-caption"> <div class="media-caption__credit"> Credit: Jon Arizti-Sanz </div> <div class="media-caption__description"> SHINE, a rapid diagnostic test developed by Pardis Sabeti's lab in 2020, uses paper strips and CRISPR enzymes to identify specific sequences of viral RNA in samples. </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-section container"> <div class="content-section__main"> <div class="block 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class="paragraph paragraph--type--sidebar-articles sidebar-articles"> <div class="sidebar-articles__col"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-heading field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Related news</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-content-reference field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><article about="/news/rapid-covid-19-test-delivers-accurate-results-minimal-equipment" class="node"> <div class="field field--name-field-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><article class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-multiple-ct-sidebar-link-with-image"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <a href="/news/rapid-covid-19-test-delivers-accurate-results-minimal-equipment"><picture> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop_xl/public/news/images/2020/SHINE-main-image2.jpg?h=d3e04ee7&itok=rmeF00EV 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1921px)" type="image/jpeg" width="104" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop_xl/public/news/images/2020/SHINE-main-image2.jpg?h=d3e04ee7&itok=rmeF00EV 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1601px) and (max-width: 1920px)" type="image/jpeg" width="104" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop/public/news/images/2020/SHINE-main-image2.jpg?h=d3e04ee7&itok=N6DPVKRs 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1340px) and (max-width: 1600px)" type="image/jpeg" width="87" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop/public/news/images/2020/SHINE-main-image2.jpg?h=d3e04ee7&itok=N6DPVKRs 1x" media="all and (min-width: 800px) and (max-width: 1339px)" type="image/jpeg" width="87" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_tablet/public/news/images/2020/SHINE-main-image2.jpg?h=d3e04ee7&itok=K47dCOtL 1x" media="all and (min-width: 540px) and (max-width: 799px)" type="image/jpeg" width="285" height="186"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_phone/public/news/images/2020/SHINE-main-image2.jpg?h=d3e04ee7&itok=ZDhq8FtT 1x" media="all and (max-width: 539px)" type="image/jpeg" width="220" height="186"> <img loading="eager" src="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_phone/public/news/images/2020/SHINE-main-image2.jpg?h=d3e04ee7&itok=ZDhq8FtT" width="220" height="186" alt="Tubes containing patient samples glow green to indicate the presence of SARS-CoV-2, thanks to the SHINE diagnostic technology." title="Tubes containing patient samples glow green to indicate the presence of SARS-CoV-2, thanks to the SHINE diagnostic technology." typeof="foaf:Image"> </picture></a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="node__content"> <a href="/news/rapid-covid-19-test-delivers-accurate-results-minimal-equipment" class="node__title"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Rapid COVID-19 test delivers accurate results with minimal equipment</span> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="field__item"><article about="/news/machine-learning-could-help-scientists-design-better-viral-diagnostics-0" class="node"> <div class="field field--name-field-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><article class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-multiple-ct-sidebar-link-with-image"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <a href="/news/machine-learning-could-help-scientists-design-better-viral-diagnostics-0"><picture> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop_xl/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=IyaW59bs 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1921px)" type="image/jpeg" width="104" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop_xl/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=IyaW59bs 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1601px) and (max-width: 1920px)" type="image/jpeg" width="104" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=gt1YWmZz 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1340px) and (max-width: 1600px)" type="image/jpeg" width="87" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=gt1YWmZz 1x" media="all and (min-width: 800px) and (max-width: 1339px)" type="image/jpeg" width="87" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_tablet/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=H2rEoB05 1x" media="all and (min-width: 540px) and (max-width: 799px)" type="image/jpeg" width="285" height="186"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_phone/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=WRQQV97m 1x" media="all and (max-width: 539px)" type="image/jpeg" width="220" height="186"> <img loading="eager" src="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_phone/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=WRQQV97m" width="220" height="186" alt="Colette A. Zylstra, ӳ��ý Communications" typeof="foaf:Image"> </picture></a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="node__content"> <a href="/news/machine-learning-could-help-scientists-design-better-viral-diagnostics-0" class="node__title"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Machine learning could help scientists design better viral diagnostics</span> </a> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Fewer than one percent of people who get the flu every year get tested in part because most tests require trained personnel and expensive equipment. Now researchers have developed a low-cost paper strip test that could allow more patients to find out which type of flu they have and get the right treatment. </p> <p>The test, developed by a team from the ӳ��ý of MIT and Harvard and Princeton University, and supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, uses CRISPR to distinguish between the two main types of seasonal flu, influenza A and B, as well as seasonal flu subtypes H1N1 and H3N2. It can also identify strains that resist antiviral treatment, and with further work, could potentially detect swine and avian flu strains, including H5N1, which is currently infecting cattle.</p> <p>Appearing today in <em><a href="https://www.jmdjournal.org/article/S1525-1578(24)00087-4/fulltext" target="_blank">The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics</a></em>, the results could help improve outbreak response and clinical care by bringing tests that are accurate, low-cost, and fast to doctors’ offices and labs across the US and in other countries.</p> <p>“Ultimately, we hope these tests will be as simple as rapid antigen tests, and they’ll still have the specificity and performance of a nucleic acid test that would normally be done in a laboratory setting,” said <a href="https://molbio.princeton.edu/people/cameron-myhrvold" target="_blank">Cameron Myhrvold</a>, co-senior author on the study along with <a href="/node/7055">Pardis Sabeti</a>, an institute member at the ӳ��ý and a professor at Harvard University and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, as well as a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. Myhrvold, who is currently an assistant professor at Princeton University, was a postdoctoral researcher in Sabeti’s lab when the study began. </p> <h2>SHINE a light </h2> <p>The test is based on a technology called SHINE, which was developed by Sabeti’s lab in <a href="/node/684486">2020</a> and uses CRISPR enzymes to identify specific sequences of viral RNA in samples. The researchers first used SHINE to test for SARS-CoV-2, and later to distinguish between the Delta and Omicron variants. Then, in 2022, they began adapting the assay to detect other viruses they knew were always circulating: influenzas. They wanted to create tests that could be used in the field or in clinics rather than hospitals or diagnostic labs with expensive equipment.</p> <p>“Using a paper strip readout instead of expensive fluorescence machinery is a big advancement, not only in terms of clinical care but also for epidemiological surveillance purposes,” said Ben Zhang, co-first author on the study, a medical student at Harvard Medical School and an undergraduate researcher in Sabeti’s lab when the study began.</p> <p>Typical diagnostic approaches such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) require lengthy processing times, trained personnel, specialized equipment, and freezers to store reagents at -80°C, whereas SHINE can be conducted at room temperature in about 90 minutes. Currently, the assay only requires an inexpensive heat block to warm the reaction, and the researchers are working to streamline the process with the goal of returning results in 15 minutes. </p> <p>The researchers also adapted SHINE to distinguish between different flu strains. In the future, they say the assay could be adapted to detect two different viruses with similar symptoms, such as influenza and SARS-CoV-2. </p> <p>“Being able to tease apart what strain or subtype of influenza is infecting a patient has repercussions both for treating them and public health interventions,” said Jon Arizti-Sanz, a postdoctoral researcher in Sabeti’s lab and co-first author on the study.</p> <p>For example, the tests could help clinicians decide whether to use Oseltamivir, a common antiviral that is effective for only some strains, Arizti-Sanz added. In the field, rapid testing could also help scientists collect samples more strategically during an outbreak to better monitor how the virus is spreading. </p> <p>Next, the researchers are adapting SHINE to test for both avian and swine influenza strains. “With SARS-CoV-2 and now flu, we’ve shown that we can easily adapt SHINE to detect new or evolving viruses,” Arizti-Sanz said. “We’re excited to apply it to H5N1.”</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--table-outro paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-paragraph field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--table-outro-row paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-heading field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Funding</p> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Flu Laboratory, and the TED Audacious Project.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--table-outro-row paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-heading field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Paper cited</p> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Zhang YB, Arizti-Sanz J, et al. <a href="https://www.jmdjournal.org/article/S1525-1578(24)00087-4/fulltext" target="_blank">CRISPR-based assays for point of need detection and subtyping of influenza</a>. <em>The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics</em>. Online June 18, 2024. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2024.04.004.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-section container"> <div class="content-section__main"> <div class="block-node-broad-tags block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storyfield-broad-tags"> <div class="block-node-broad-tags__row"> <div class="block-node-broad-tags__title">Tags:</div> <div class="field field--name-field-broad-tags field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/broad-tags/infectious-disease" hreflang="en">Infectious Disease</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/broad-tags/diagnostics" hreflang="en">Diagnostics</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/broad-tags/pardis-sabeti" hreflang="en">Pardis Sabeti</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> Thu, 25 Apr 2024 15:00:00 +0000 adicorat 5556791 at A close research partnership with African scientists helps solve the mystery of malaria-like illnesses /news/close-research-partnership-african-scientists-helps-solve-mystery-malaria-illnesses <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden"><h1>Simple test for flu could improve diagnosis and surveillance</h1> </span> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <span>By Allessandra DiCorato</span> </span> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"><time datetime="2024-06-18T11:00:00-04:00" class="datetime">June 18, 2024</time> </span> <div class="hero-section container"> <div class="hero-section__row row"> <div class="hero-section__content hero-section__content_left col-6"> <div class="hero-section__breadcrumbs"> <div class="block block-system block-system-breadcrumb-block"> <nav class="breadcrumb" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="system-breadcrumb"> <h2 id="system-breadcrumb" class="visually-hidden">Breadcrumb</h2> <ol> <li> <a href="/">Home</a> </li> <li> <a href="/news">News</a> </li> </ol> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__title"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storytitle"> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden"><h1>Simple test for flu could improve diagnosis and surveillance</h1> </span> </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__description"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storybody"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>A low-cost CRISPR-based paper strip test distinguishes between influenza types and can be reprogrammed to recognize different viruses including the H5N1 bird flu virus.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__author"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-extra-field-blocknodelong-storyextra-field-author-custom"> By Allessandra DiCorato </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__date"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storycreated"> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"><time datetime="2024-06-18T11:00:00-04:00" title="Tuesday, June 18, 2024 - 11:00" class="datetime">June 18, 2024</time> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__right col-6"> <div class="hero-section__image"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storyfield-image"> <div class="field field--name-field-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <article class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-multiple-content-types-header"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_desktop_xl/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=h6N4_F41 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1921px)" type="image/png" width="754" height="503"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_desktop_xl/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=h6N4_F41 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1601px) and (max-width: 1920px)" type="image/png" width="754" height="503"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_desktop/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=TKDxcgPM 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1340px) and (max-width: 1600px)" type="image/png" width="736" height="520"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_laptop/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=v_af7AvV 1x" media="all and (min-width: 800px) and (max-width: 1339px)" type="image/png" width="641" height="451"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_tablet/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=ZVvT27Tu 1x" media="all and (min-width: 540px) and (max-width: 799px)" type="image/png" width="706" height="417"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_phone/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=3yX_WNd1 1x" media="all and (max-width: 539px)" type="image/png" width="499" height="294"> <img loading="eager" src="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_phone/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=3yX_WNd1" width="499" height="294" alt="Four paper strips inside small tubes held by an orange rack." title="Four paper strips inside small tubes held by an orange rack." typeof="foaf:Image"> </picture> </div> <div class="media-caption"> <div class="media-caption__credit"> Credit: Jon Arizti-Sanz </div> <div class="media-caption__description"> SHINE, a rapid diagnostic test developed by Pardis Sabeti's lab in 2020, uses paper strips and CRISPR enzymes to identify specific sequences of viral RNA in samples. </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-section container"> <div class="content-section__main"> <div class="block 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srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop_xl/public/news/images/2020/SHINE-main-image2.jpg?h=d3e04ee7&itok=rmeF00EV 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1921px)" type="image/jpeg" width="104" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop_xl/public/news/images/2020/SHINE-main-image2.jpg?h=d3e04ee7&itok=rmeF00EV 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1601px) and (max-width: 1920px)" type="image/jpeg" width="104" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop/public/news/images/2020/SHINE-main-image2.jpg?h=d3e04ee7&itok=N6DPVKRs 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1340px) and (max-width: 1600px)" type="image/jpeg" width="87" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop/public/news/images/2020/SHINE-main-image2.jpg?h=d3e04ee7&itok=N6DPVKRs 1x" media="all and (min-width: 800px) and (max-width: 1339px)" type="image/jpeg" width="87" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_tablet/public/news/images/2020/SHINE-main-image2.jpg?h=d3e04ee7&itok=K47dCOtL 1x" media="all and (min-width: 540px) and (max-width: 799px)" type="image/jpeg" width="285" height="186"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_phone/public/news/images/2020/SHINE-main-image2.jpg?h=d3e04ee7&itok=ZDhq8FtT 1x" media="all and (max-width: 539px)" type="image/jpeg" width="220" height="186"> <img loading="eager" src="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_phone/public/news/images/2020/SHINE-main-image2.jpg?h=d3e04ee7&itok=ZDhq8FtT" width="220" height="186" alt="Tubes containing patient samples glow green to indicate the presence of SARS-CoV-2, thanks to the SHINE diagnostic technology." title="Tubes containing patient samples glow green to indicate the presence of SARS-CoV-2, thanks to the SHINE diagnostic technology." typeof="foaf:Image"> </picture></a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="node__content"> <a href="/news/rapid-covid-19-test-delivers-accurate-results-minimal-equipment" class="node__title"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Rapid COVID-19 test delivers accurate results with minimal equipment</span> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="field__item"><article about="/news/machine-learning-could-help-scientists-design-better-viral-diagnostics-0" class="node"> <div class="field field--name-field-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><article class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-multiple-ct-sidebar-link-with-image"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <a href="/news/machine-learning-could-help-scientists-design-better-viral-diagnostics-0"><picture> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop_xl/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=IyaW59bs 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1921px)" type="image/jpeg" width="104" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop_xl/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=IyaW59bs 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1601px) and (max-width: 1920px)" type="image/jpeg" width="104" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=gt1YWmZz 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1340px) and (max-width: 1600px)" type="image/jpeg" width="87" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_desktop/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=gt1YWmZz 1x" media="all and (min-width: 800px) and (max-width: 1339px)" type="image/jpeg" width="87" height="104"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_tablet/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=H2rEoB05 1x" media="all and (min-width: 540px) and (max-width: 799px)" type="image/jpeg" width="285" height="186"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_phone/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=WRQQV97m 1x" media="all and (max-width: 539px)" type="image/jpeg" width="220" height="186"> <img loading="eager" src="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_phone/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=WRQQV97m" width="220" height="186" alt="Colette A. Zylstra, ӳ��ý Communications" typeof="foaf:Image"> </picture></a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="node__content"> <a href="/news/machine-learning-could-help-scientists-design-better-viral-diagnostics-0" class="node__title"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Machine learning could help scientists design better viral diagnostics</span> </a> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Fewer than one percent of people who get the flu every year get tested in part because most tests require trained personnel and expensive equipment. Now researchers have developed a low-cost paper strip test that could allow more patients to find out which type of flu they have and get the right treatment. </p> <p>The test, developed by a team from the ӳ��ý of MIT and Harvard and Princeton University, and supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, uses CRISPR to distinguish between the two main types of seasonal flu, influenza A and B, as well as seasonal flu subtypes H1N1 and H3N2. It can also identify strains that resist antiviral treatment, and with further work, could potentially detect swine and avian flu strains, including H5N1, which is currently infecting cattle.</p> <p>Appearing today in <em><a href="https://www.jmdjournal.org/article/S1525-1578(24)00087-4/fulltext" target="_blank">The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics</a></em>, the results could help improve outbreak response and clinical care by bringing tests that are accurate, low-cost, and fast to doctors’ offices and labs across the US and in other countries.</p> <p>“Ultimately, we hope these tests will be as simple as rapid antigen tests, and they’ll still have the specificity and performance of a nucleic acid test that would normally be done in a laboratory setting,” said <a href="https://molbio.princeton.edu/people/cameron-myhrvold" target="_blank">Cameron Myhrvold</a>, co-senior author on the study along with <a href="/node/7055">Pardis Sabeti</a>, an institute member at the ӳ��ý and a professor at Harvard University and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, as well as a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. Myhrvold, who is currently an assistant professor at Princeton University, was a postdoctoral researcher in Sabeti’s lab when the study began. </p> <h2>SHINE a light </h2> <p>The test is based on a technology called SHINE, which was developed by Sabeti’s lab in <a href="/node/684486">2020</a> and uses CRISPR enzymes to identify specific sequences of viral RNA in samples. The researchers first used SHINE to test for SARS-CoV-2, and later to distinguish between the Delta and Omicron variants. Then, in 2022, they began adapting the assay to detect other viruses they knew were always circulating: influenzas. They wanted to create tests that could be used in the field or in clinics rather than hospitals or diagnostic labs with expensive equipment.</p> <p>“Using a paper strip readout instead of expensive fluorescence machinery is a big advancement, not only in terms of clinical care but also for epidemiological surveillance purposes,” said Ben Zhang, co-first author on the study, a medical student at Harvard Medical School and an undergraduate researcher in Sabeti’s lab when the study began.</p> <p>Typical diagnostic approaches such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) require lengthy processing times, trained personnel, specialized equipment, and freezers to store reagents at -80°C, whereas SHINE can be conducted at room temperature in about 90 minutes. Currently, the assay only requires an inexpensive heat block to warm the reaction, and the researchers are working to streamline the process with the goal of returning results in 15 minutes. </p> <p>The researchers also adapted SHINE to distinguish between different flu strains. In the future, they say the assay could be adapted to detect two different viruses with similar symptoms, such as influenza and SARS-CoV-2. </p> <p>“Being able to tease apart what strain or subtype of influenza is infecting a patient has repercussions both for treating them and public health interventions,” said Jon Arizti-Sanz, a postdoctoral researcher in Sabeti’s lab and co-first author on the study.</p> <p>For example, the tests could help clinicians decide whether to use Oseltamivir, a common antiviral that is effective for only some strains, Arizti-Sanz added. In the field, rapid testing could also help scientists collect samples more strategically during an outbreak to better monitor how the virus is spreading. </p> <p>Next, the researchers are adapting SHINE to test for both avian and swine influenza strains. “With SARS-CoV-2 and now flu, we’ve shown that we can easily adapt SHINE to detect new or evolving viruses,” Arizti-Sanz said. “We’re excited to apply it to H5N1.”</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--table-outro paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-paragraph field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--table-outro-row paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-heading field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Funding</p> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Flu Laboratory, and the TED Audacious Project.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--table-outro-row paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-heading field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Paper cited</p> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Zhang YB, Arizti-Sanz J, et al. <a href="https://www.jmdjournal.org/article/S1525-1578(24)00087-4/fulltext" target="_blank">CRISPR-based assays for point of need detection and subtyping of influenza</a>. <em>The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics</em>. Online June 18, 2024. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2024.04.004.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-section container"> <div class="content-section__main"> <div class="block-node-broad-tags block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storyfield-broad-tags"> <div class="block-node-broad-tags__row"> <div class="block-node-broad-tags__title">Tags:</div> <div class="field field--name-field-broad-tags field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/broad-tags/infectious-disease" hreflang="en">Infectious Disease</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/broad-tags/diagnostics" hreflang="en">Diagnostics</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/broad-tags/pardis-sabeti" hreflang="en">Pardis Sabeti</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> Fri, 08 Mar 2024 15:00:00 +0000 chenders@broadinstitute.org 5556586 at With AI, researchers identify a new class of antibiotic candidates /news/researchers-use-ai-identify-new-class-antibiotic-candidates <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden"><h1>Simple test for flu could improve diagnosis and surveillance</h1> </span> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <span>By Allessandra DiCorato</span> </span> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"><time datetime="2024-06-18T11:00:00-04:00" class="datetime">June 18, 2024</time> </span> <div class="hero-section container"> <div class="hero-section__row row"> <div class="hero-section__content hero-section__content_left col-6"> <div class="hero-section__breadcrumbs"> <div class="block block-system block-system-breadcrumb-block"> <nav class="breadcrumb" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="system-breadcrumb"> <h2 id="system-breadcrumb" class="visually-hidden">Breadcrumb</h2> <ol> <li> <a href="/">Home</a> </li> <li> <a href="/news">News</a> </li> </ol> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__title"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storytitle"> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden"><h1>Simple test for flu could improve diagnosis and surveillance</h1> </span> </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__description"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storybody"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>A low-cost CRISPR-based paper strip test distinguishes between influenza types and can be reprogrammed to recognize different viruses including the H5N1 bird flu virus.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__author"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-extra-field-blocknodelong-storyextra-field-author-custom"> By Allessandra DiCorato </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__date"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storycreated"> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"><time datetime="2024-06-18T11:00:00-04:00" title="Tuesday, June 18, 2024 - 11:00" class="datetime">June 18, 2024</time> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="hero-section__right col-6"> <div class="hero-section__image"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storyfield-image"> <div class="field field--name-field-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <article class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-multiple-content-types-header"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_desktop_xl/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=h6N4_F41 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1921px)" type="image/png" width="754" height="503"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_desktop_xl/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=h6N4_F41 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1601px) and (max-width: 1920px)" type="image/png" width="754" height="503"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_desktop/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=TKDxcgPM 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1340px) and (max-width: 1600px)" type="image/png" width="736" height="520"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_laptop/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=v_af7AvV 1x" media="all and (min-width: 800px) and (max-width: 1339px)" type="image/png" width="641" height="451"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_tablet/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=ZVvT27Tu 1x" media="all and (min-width: 540px) and (max-width: 799px)" type="image/png" width="706" height="417"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_phone/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=3yX_WNd1 1x" media="all and (max-width: 539px)" type="image/png" width="499" height="294"> <img loading="eager" src="/files/styles/multiple_ct_header_phone/public/longstory/image_67194625_main.png?h=ae0fde30&itok=3yX_WNd1" width="499" height="294" alt="Four paper strips inside small tubes held by an orange rack." title="Four paper strips inside small tubes held by an orange rack." typeof="foaf:Image"> </picture> </div> <div class="media-caption"> <div class="media-caption__credit"> Credit: Jon Arizti-Sanz </div> <div class="media-caption__description"> SHINE, a rapid diagnostic test developed by Pardis Sabeti's lab in 2020, uses paper strips and CRISPR enzymes to identify specific sequences of viral RNA in samples. </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-section container"> <div class="content-section__main"> <div class="block 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srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_tablet/public/news/images/2020/SHINE-main-image2.jpg?h=d3e04ee7&itok=K47dCOtL 1x" media="all and (min-width: 540px) and (max-width: 799px)" type="image/jpeg" width="285" height="186"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_phone/public/news/images/2020/SHINE-main-image2.jpg?h=d3e04ee7&itok=ZDhq8FtT 1x" media="all and (max-width: 539px)" type="image/jpeg" width="220" height="186"> <img loading="eager" src="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_phone/public/news/images/2020/SHINE-main-image2.jpg?h=d3e04ee7&itok=ZDhq8FtT" width="220" height="186" alt="Tubes containing patient samples glow green to indicate the presence of SARS-CoV-2, thanks to the SHINE diagnostic technology." title="Tubes containing patient samples glow green to indicate the presence of SARS-CoV-2, thanks to the SHINE diagnostic technology." typeof="foaf:Image"> </picture></a> </div> </article> </div> <div 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srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_tablet/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=H2rEoB05 1x" media="all and (min-width: 540px) and (max-width: 799px)" type="image/jpeg" width="285" height="186"> <source srcset="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_phone/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=WRQQV97m 1x" media="all and (max-width: 539px)" type="image/jpeg" width="220" height="186"> <img loading="eager" src="/files/styles/multiple_ct_sidebar_link_with_image_phone/public/news/images/2022/News_story_ADAPT_Update-01.jpeg?h=a7d067a7&itok=WRQQV97m" width="220" height="186" alt="Colette A. Zylstra, ӳ��ý Communications" typeof="foaf:Image"> </picture></a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="node__content"> <a href="/news/machine-learning-could-help-scientists-design-better-viral-diagnostics-0" class="node__title"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Machine learning could help scientists design better viral diagnostics</span> </a> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Fewer than one percent of people who get the flu every year get tested in part because most tests require trained personnel and expensive equipment. Now researchers have developed a low-cost paper strip test that could allow more patients to find out which type of flu they have and get the right treatment. </p> <p>The test, developed by a team from the ӳ��ý of MIT and Harvard and Princeton University, and supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, uses CRISPR to distinguish between the two main types of seasonal flu, influenza A and B, as well as seasonal flu subtypes H1N1 and H3N2. It can also identify strains that resist antiviral treatment, and with further work, could potentially detect swine and avian flu strains, including H5N1, which is currently infecting cattle.</p> <p>Appearing today in <em><a href="https://www.jmdjournal.org/article/S1525-1578(24)00087-4/fulltext" target="_blank">The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics</a></em>, the results could help improve outbreak response and clinical care by bringing tests that are accurate, low-cost, and fast to doctors’ offices and labs across the US and in other countries.</p> <p>“Ultimately, we hope these tests will be as simple as rapid antigen tests, and they’ll still have the specificity and performance of a nucleic acid test that would normally be done in a laboratory setting,” said <a href="https://molbio.princeton.edu/people/cameron-myhrvold" target="_blank">Cameron Myhrvold</a>, co-senior author on the study along with <a href="/node/7055">Pardis Sabeti</a>, an institute member at the ӳ��ý and a professor at Harvard University and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, as well as a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. Myhrvold, who is currently an assistant professor at Princeton University, was a postdoctoral researcher in Sabeti’s lab when the study began. </p> <h2>SHINE a light </h2> <p>The test is based on a technology called SHINE, which was developed by Sabeti’s lab in <a href="/node/684486">2020</a> and uses CRISPR enzymes to identify specific sequences of viral RNA in samples. The researchers first used SHINE to test for SARS-CoV-2, and later to distinguish between the Delta and Omicron variants. Then, in 2022, they began adapting the assay to detect other viruses they knew were always circulating: influenzas. They wanted to create tests that could be used in the field or in clinics rather than hospitals or diagnostic labs with expensive equipment.</p> <p>“Using a paper strip readout instead of expensive fluorescence machinery is a big advancement, not only in terms of clinical care but also for epidemiological surveillance purposes,” said Ben Zhang, co-first author on the study, a medical student at Harvard Medical School and an undergraduate researcher in Sabeti’s lab when the study began.</p> <p>Typical diagnostic approaches such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) require lengthy processing times, trained personnel, specialized equipment, and freezers to store reagents at -80°C, whereas SHINE can be conducted at room temperature in about 90 minutes. Currently, the assay only requires an inexpensive heat block to warm the reaction, and the researchers are working to streamline the process with the goal of returning results in 15 minutes. </p> <p>The researchers also adapted SHINE to distinguish between different flu strains. In the future, they say the assay could be adapted to detect two different viruses with similar symptoms, such as influenza and SARS-CoV-2. </p> <p>“Being able to tease apart what strain or subtype of influenza is infecting a patient has repercussions both for treating them and public health interventions,” said Jon Arizti-Sanz, a postdoctoral researcher in Sabeti’s lab and co-first author on the study.</p> <p>For example, the tests could help clinicians decide whether to use Oseltamivir, a common antiviral that is effective for only some strains, Arizti-Sanz added. In the field, rapid testing could also help scientists collect samples more strategically during an outbreak to better monitor how the virus is spreading. </p> <p>Next, the researchers are adapting SHINE to test for both avian and swine influenza strains. “With SARS-CoV-2 and now flu, we’ve shown that we can easily adapt SHINE to detect new or evolving viruses,” Arizti-Sanz said. “We’re excited to apply it to H5N1.”</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--table-outro paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-paragraph field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--table-outro-row paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-heading field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Funding</p> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Flu Laboratory, and the TED Audacious Project.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--table-outro-row paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-heading field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Paper cited</p> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Zhang YB, Arizti-Sanz J, et al. <a href="https://www.jmdjournal.org/article/S1525-1578(24)00087-4/fulltext" target="_blank">CRISPR-based assays for point of need detection and subtyping of influenza</a>. <em>The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics</em>. Online June 18, 2024. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2024.04.004.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-section container"> <div class="content-section__main"> <div class="block-node-broad-tags block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelong-storyfield-broad-tags"> <div class="block-node-broad-tags__row"> <div class="block-node-broad-tags__title">Tags:</div> <div class="field field--name-field-broad-tags field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/broad-tags/infectious-disease" hreflang="en">Infectious Disease</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/broad-tags/diagnostics" hreflang="en">Diagnostics</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/broad-tags/pardis-sabeti" hreflang="en">Pardis Sabeti</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> Wed, 20 Dec 2023 16:30:46 +0000 tulrich@broadinstitute.org 5556221 at